[Dec 03, 2025] CISA Practice Exam Dumps - 99% Marks In ISACA Exam
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ISACA CISA (Certified Information Systems Auditor) certification exam is a globally recognized certification that validates your expertise in information systems auditing, control, and security. Certified Information Systems Auditor certification is specifically designed for professionals who are responsible for ensuring the security, confidentiality, and integrity of information systems within their organizations. The CISA certification is recognized by employers and governments worldwide as a benchmark for information systems auditing.
NEW QUESTION # 417
An IS auditor notes that application super-user activity was not recorded in system logs. What is the auditor's BEST course of action?
- A. Recommend a least privilege access model
- B. Report the issue to the audit manager
- C. Recommend activation of super user activity logging
- D. Investigate the reason for the lack of logging
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 418
When developing a business continuity plan (BCP) business unit management's involvement is MOST important during the
- A. Implementation of a document repository
- B. Performance of a business impact analysis (BIA)
- C. Performance of an IS risk assessment
- D. Development of business recovery procedures
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 419
In a client-server architecture, a domain name service (DNS) is MOST important because it provides the:
- A. IP addresses for the internet.
- B. resolution service for the name/address.
- C. domain name system.
- D. address of the domain server.
Answer: B
Explanation:
DNS is utilized primarily on the Internet for resolution of the name/address of the web site. It is an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. As names are alphabetic, they are easier to remember. However, the Internet is based on IP addresses. Every time a domain name is used, a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address. The DNS system has its own network, if one DNS server does not know how to translate a particular domain name, it asks another one, and so on, until the correct IP address is returned.
NEW QUESTION # 420
Proper segregation of duties prevents a computer operator (user) from performing security administration duties. True or false?
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Proper segregation of duties prevents a computer operator (user) from performing security administration duties.
NEW QUESTION # 421
Which of the following is the PRIMARY advantage of parallel processing for a new system implementation?
- A. Assurance that the new system meets performance requirements
- B. Assurance that the new system meets functional requirements
- C. More time for users to complete training for the new system
- D. Significant cost savings over other system implemental or approaches
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 422
At a hospital, medical personal carry handheld computers which contain patient health
datA. These handheld computers are synchronized with PCs which transfer data from a hospital database. Which of the following would be of the most importance?
- A. Timely synchronization is ensured by policies and procedures.
- B. The handheld computers are properly protected to prevent loss of data confidentiality, in case of theft or loss.
- C. The usage of the handheld computers is allowed by the hospital policy.
- D. The employee who deletes temporary files from the local PC, after usage, is authorized to maintain PCs.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Data confidentiality is a major requirement of privacy regulations. Choices B, C and D relate to internal security requirements, and are secondary when compared to compliance with data privacy laws.
Topic 7, BUSINESS CONTINUITY AND DISASTER RECOVERY (111 PRACTICE QUESTIONS)
NEW QUESTION # 423
Which of the following attack includes social engineering, link manipulation or web site forgery techniques?
- A. Phishing
- B. Traffic analysis
- C. surf attack
- D. Interrupt attack
Answer: A
Explanation:
Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation/Reference:
Phishing technique include social engineering, link manipulation or web site forgery techniques.
For your exam you should know the information below:
Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card
details (and sometimes, indirectly, money) by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic
communication. Communications purporting to be from popular social web sites, auction sites, banks,
online payment processors or IT administrators are commonly used to lure unsuspecting public. Phishing
emails may contain links to websites that are infected with malware. Phishing is typically carried out by
email spoofing or instant messaging, and it often directs users to enter details at a fake website whose look
and feel are almost identical to the legitimate one. Phishing is an example of social engineering techniques
used to deceive users, and exploits the poor usability of current web security technologies. Attempts to deal
with the growing number of reported phishing incidents include legislation, user training, public awareness,
and technical security measures.
Spear phishing - Phishing attempts directed at specific individuals or companies have been termed spear
phishing. Attackers may gather personal information about their target to increase their probability of
success.
Link manipulation
Most methods of phishing use some form of technical deception designed to make a link in an email (and
the spoofed website it leads to) appear to belong to the spoofed organization. Misspelled URLs or the use
of sub domains are common tricks used by phishes. In the following example URL, http://
www.yourbank.example.com/, it appears as though the URL will take you to the example section of the
your bank website; actually this URL points to the "your bank" (i.e. phishing) section of the example
website. Another common trick is to make the displayed text for a link (the text between the tags) suggest a
reliable destination, when the link actually goes to the phishes' site. The following example link, //
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genuine, appears to direct the user to an article entitled "Genuine"; clicking on it will in
fact take the user to the article entitled "Deception". In the lower left hand corner of most browsers users
can preview and verify where the link is going to take them. Hovering your cursor over the link for a couple
of seconds may do a similar thing, but this can still be set by the phishes through the HTML tooltip tag.
Website forgery
Once a victim visits the phishing website, the deception is not over. Some phishing scams use JavaScript
commands in order to alter the address bar. This is done either by placing a picture of a legitimate URL
over the address bar, or by closing the original bar and opening up a new one with the legitimate URL.
An attacker can even use flaws in a trusted website's own scripts against the victim. These types of attacks
(known as cross-site scripting) are particularly problematic, because they direct the user to sign in at their
bank or service's own web page, where everything from the web address to the security certificates
appears correct. In reality, the link to the website is crafted to carry out the attack, making it very difficult to
spot without specialist knowledge.
The following answers are incorrect:
Smurf Attack - Occurs when mix-configured network device allow packet to be sent to all hosts on a
particular network via the broadcast address of the network
Traffic analysis - is the process of intercepting and examining messages in order to deduce information
from patterns in communication. It can be performed even when the messages are encrypted and cannot
be decrypted. In general, the greater the number of messages observed, or even intercepted and stored,
the more can be inferred from the traffic. Traffic analysis can be performed in the context of military
intelligence, counter-intelligence, or pattern-of-life analysis, and is a concern in computer security.
Interrupt attack- Interrupt attack occurs when a malicious action is performed by invoking the operating
system to execute a particular system call.
Following reference(s) were/was used to create this question:
CISA review manual 2014 Page number 323
Official ISC2 guide to CISSP CBK 3rd Edition Page number 493
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing
NEW QUESTION # 424
A security company and service provider have merged, and the CEO has requested one comprehensive
set of security policies be developed for the newly formed company. The IS auditor's BEST
recommendation would be to:
- A. implement the service provider's policies.
- B. implement the security company's policies.
- C. adopt an industry standard security policy.
- D. conduct a policy gap assessment.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Section: Information System Acquisition, Development and Implementation
NEW QUESTION # 425
Audit frameworks cart assist the IS audit function by:
- A. outlining the specific steps needed to complete audits
- B. providing details on how to execute the audit program.
- C. defining the authority and responsibility of the IS audit function.
- D. providing direction and information regarding the performance of audits.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 426
Though management has stated otherwise, an IS auditor has reasons to believe that the organization is using software that is not licensed. In this situation, the IS auditor should:
- A. identify whether such software is, indeed, being used by the organization.
- B. include the statement of management in the audit report.
- C. reconfirm with management the usage of the software.
- D. discuss the issue with senior management since reporting this could have a negative impact on the organization.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
When there is an indication that an organization might be using unlicensed software, the IS auditor should obtain sufficient evidence before including it in the report. With respect to this matter, representations obtained from management cannot be independently verified. If the organization is using software that is not licensed, the auditor, to maintain objectivity and independence, must include this in the report.
NEW QUESTION # 427
Which of the following data would be used when performing a business impact analysis (BIA)?
- A. Projected impact of current business on future business
- B. Expected costs for recovering the business
- C. Cost of regulatory compliance
- D. Cost-benefit analysis of running the current business
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The expected costs for recovering the business would be used when performing a business impact analysis (BIA). A BIA is a process of identifying and evaluating the potential effects of disruptions to critical business functions or processes. A BIA helps to determine the recovery priorities, strategies, and resources needed to resume normal operations after a disruption. One of the key outputs of a BIA is an estimate of the financial losses or costs associated with different types of disruptions, such as lost revenue, increased expenses, contractual penalties, or regulatory fines.
NEW QUESTION # 428
Which of the following would be BEST prevented by a raised floor in the computer machine room?
- A. Shocks from earthquakes
- B. Damage of wires around computers and servers
- C. Water flood damage.
- D. A power failure from static electricity
Answer: B
Explanation:
The primary reason for having a raised floor is to enable power cables and data cables to be installed underneath the floor. This eliminates the safety and damage risks posed when cables are placed in a spaghetti-like fashion on an open floor. Staticelectricity should be avoided in the machine room; therefore, measures such as specially manufactured carpet or shoes would be more appropriate for static prevention than a raised floor. Raised floors do not address shocks from earthquakes. To address earthquakes, anti-seismic architecture would be required to establish a quake-resistant structural framework. Computer equipment needs to be protected against water. However, a raised floor would not prevent damage to the machines in the event of overhead water pipe leakage.
NEW QUESTION # 429
Which of the following is of greatest concern to the IS auditor?
- A. Failure to prevent a successful attack on the network
- B. Failure to report a successful attack on the network
- C. Failure to recover from a successful attack on the network
- D. Failure to detect a successful attack on the network
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Lack of reporting of a successful attack on the network is a great concern to an IS auditor.
NEW QUESTION # 430
An organization has installed blade server technology in its data server. To determine whether higher cooling demands are maintained, which of the following should the IS auditor review?
- A. Ventilation systems
- B. Air conditioning capacity
- C. Uninterruptable power supply (UPS) systems
- D. Duct maintenance
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 431
Which of the following findings would be of GREATEST concern when auditing an organization's end-user computing (EUC)?
- A. Inconsistency of patching processes being followed
- B. Errors flowed through to financial statements
- C. Reduced oversight by the IT department
- D. Inability to monitor EUC audit logs and activities
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 432
Information for detecting unauthorized input from a terminal would be BEST provided by the:
- A. transaction journal.
- B. automated suspense file listing.
- C. console log printout.
- D. user error report.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Section: Protection of Information Assets
Explanation:
The transaction journal would record all transaction activity, which then could be compared to the
authorized source documents to identify any unauthorized input. A console log printout is not the best,
because it would not record activity from a specific terminal. An automated suspense file listing would only
list transaction activity where an edit error occurred, while the user error report would only list input that
resulted in an edit error.
NEW QUESTION # 433
Which of the following is MOST helpful to an IS auditor when assessing the effectiveness of controls?
- A. Results of control testing
- B. A control self-assessment (CSA)
- C. Interviews with management
- D. A control matrix
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 434
When protecting an organization's IT systems, which of the following is normally the next
line of defense after the network firewall has been compromised?
- A. Personal firewall
- B. Intrusion detection system (IDS)
- C. Virtual local area network (VLAN) configuration
- D. Antivirus programs
Answer: B
Explanation:
An intrusion detection system (IDS) would be the next line of defense after the firewall. It would detect anomalies in the network/server activity and try to detect the perpetrator. Antivirus programs, personal firewalls and VI_AN configurations would be later in the line of defense.
NEW QUESTION # 435
Which of the following poses the GREATEST security risk when implementing acquired application systems?
- A. Lack of audit logs
- B. Social engineering
- C. Password length
- D. Default logon IDs
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 436
To address an organization's disaster recovery requirements, backup intervals should not exceed the:
- A. service level objective (SLO).
- B. recovery point objective (RPO).
- C. recovery time objective (RTO).
- D. maximum acceptable outage (MAO).
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The recovery point objective (RPO) defines the point in time to which data must be restored after a disaster so as to resume processing transactions. Backups should be performed in a way that the latest backup is no older than this maximum time frame. If service levels are not met, the usual consequences are penalty payments, not cessation of business. Organizations will try to set service level objectives (SLOs) so as to meet established targets. The resulting time for the service level agreement (SLA) will usually be longer than the RPO. The recovery time objective (RTO) defines the time period after the disaster in which normal business functionality needs to be restored. The maximum acceptable outage (MAO) is the maximum amount of system downtime that is tolerable. It can be used as a synonym for RTO. However, the RTO denotes an objective/target, while the MAO constitutes a vital necessity for an organization's survival.
NEW QUESTION # 437
While reviewing the business continuity plan of an organization, an IS auditor observed that the organization's data and software files are backed up on a periodic basis. Which characteristic of an effective plan does this demonstrate?
- A. Response
- B. Deterrence
- C. Mitigation
- D. Recovery
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
An effective business continuity plan includes steps to mitigate the effects of a disaster. Files must be restored on a timely basis for a backup plan to be effective. An example of deterrence is when a plan includes installation of firewalls for information systems. An example of recovery is when a plan includes an organization's hot site to restore normal business operations.
NEW QUESTION # 438
Which of the following will BEST ensure that a proper cutoff has been established to reinstate transactions and records to their condition just prior to a computer system failure?
- A. Using a database management system (DBMS) to dynamically back-out partially processed transactions
- B. Maintaining system console logs in electronic formal
- C. Ensuring bisynchronous capabilities on all transmission lines
- D. Rotating backup copies of transaction files offsite
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The best way to ensure that a proper cutoff has been established to reinstate transactions and records to their condition just prior to a computer system failure is to use a database management system (DBMS) to dynamically back-out partially processed transactions. A DBMS is a software system that manages the creation, manipulation, retrieval, and security of data stored in a database. A DBMS can provide features such as transaction management, concurrency control, recovery management, and integrity management. A DBMS can dynamically back-out partially processed transactions by using mechanisms such as rollback segments, undo logs, or write-ahead logs. These mechanisms allow the DBMS to restore the database to a consistent state before the failure occurred. References:
CISA Review Manual (Digital Version)
CISA Questions, Answers & Explanations Database
NEW QUESTION # 439
A small organization does not have enough employees to implement adequate segregation of duties in accounts payable. Which of the following is the BEST compensating control to mitigate the risk associated with this situation?
- A. Supervisory review of logs to detect changes in vendors
- B. Rotation of duties among existing personnel
- C. Regular reconciliation of key transactions approved by a supervisor
- D. Review of transactions exceeding a specific threshold
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 440
Which of the following should be considered when examining fire suppression systems as part of a data center environmental controls review?
- A. Insurance coverage
- B. Onsite replacement availability
- C. Installation manuals
- D. Maintenance procedures
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 441
What determines the strength of a secret key within a symmetric key cryptosystem?
- A. A combination of key length, degree of permutation, and the complexity of the data- encryption algorithm that uses the key
- B. Initial input vectors and the complexity of the data-encryption algorithm that uses the key
- C. A combination of key length and the complexity of the data-encryption algorithm that uses the key
- D. A combination of key length, initial input vectors, and the complexity of the data- encryption algorithm that uses the key
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The strength of a secret key within a symmetric key cryptosystem is determined by a combination of key length, initial input vectors, and the complexity of the data-encryption algorithm that uses the key.
NEW QUESTION # 442
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Information Systems Operations & Business Resilience: This domain is designed to evaluate the individuals’ skills in IT controls as well as their knowledge of how IT relates to an enterprise. It requires that you have competence in the following areas:
- Information systems operations, which cover basic technology components, IT asset management, system interfaces, data governance, end-user computing, problem & incident management, systems performance management, database management, and IT service level management, among others;
- Business resilience is the second phase, which covers skills in system resilience, business impact analysis, business continuity plan, data backup, storage & restoration, as well as disaster recovery plans.
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